Leading historians share the texts that have inspired and informed their work

A new exhibition lifts the veil on Queen Elizabeth II’s lifelong campaign to project power and to protect the Royal Family through sartorial cyphers. Ahead of its opening, Justine Picardie decodes the military messaging of her wartime garb, and reveals the influence of the enigmatic spymaster who crafted some of her most meaningful attire

When Britain declared war on Germany in September 1939, the Army numbered just over one million men, comprising both the regular forces and the part-time Territorial Army. The National Service (Armed

The samurai’s history and legacy, Angela Merkel’s 21st-century military and a new aviation festival

Europe’s frozen northeast became a new sacred frontier of holy war, forced conversion and occupation against Europe’s last pagans

The Germans possessed two monstrous M-Gerät howitzer guns nicknamed ‘Big Bertha’ – but they were barely finished and had undergone no testing when the First World War broke out. Even so, on 2 August 1