Impact damage

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LIGHTING

Despite their increasing sophistication, headlamps are reliable components. This is just as well, because they can be expensive to replace. While pattern headlamps, ie. those not supplied by either the car manufacturer, or its suppliers (such as Hella and Valeo, for instance), tend to be less expensive, they may not fit accurately. They also tend to be available only in halogen form, meaning that your choices for new replacements for LED and HID are limited. However, certain car manufacturers (and aftermarket electronic specialists) are offering ‘remanufactured’ second-hand parts that are priced considerably below that of brand-new alternatives.

Impact is the main reason for damaged lamps. You can blame design fashion in part, where the headlamp cover tends not to be recessed and protected by surrounding body panels, but also component itself is more fragile. The plastic lamp moulding, especially, can break surprisingly easily, especially on the points at which the lamp attaches to the body. Apart from risking dazzling other motorists, an insecure headlamp is an MOT failure. Yet, before searching for a replacement, consider the repair option as an even more cost-effective alternative.

1 The bumpers on many modern cars are simply plastic covers. Unlike in past decades, their ability to absorb minor impact damage appears secondary to fashion. Note how the headlamp on this car is almost flush with the surrounding panels, making it vulnerable to being hit.
2 This Mercedes-Benz B-Class has had a relatively minor altercation with a wall. While the bumper is damaged and the wing is not, the broken headlamp has increased the repair costs. Yet, the lamp cover is unmarked and the unit still functions.
3 At least one of the lamp’s plastic mounts has sheared off completely. On most cars, only one, or two, mounts tend to be accessible without further dismantling; the remaining attachment points tend to be reachable only once you have removed the bumper. If you are looking to buy a used car, see if the headlamp is attached securely, by grasping it and checking for untoward movement.
4 With the headlamp removed, check that its outer moulding is undamaged, which could allow moisture into the unit. If the mountings alone are broken, you can reattach and reinforce th
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