What if: napoleon had won the bat tle of waterloo?

THE TURNING POINTS OF 1812

A Spain allied with the Nazis in the Second World War would have ruined the Allied campaign in the Middle East, but doomed the Francoist state to an earlier collapse

On 21 October 1805, smoke filled the skies over the seas west of Cape Trafalgar, a headland in the Province of Cádiz in the southwest of Spain, as a fierce battle raged. After nearly five hours of int

I n 1492, Columbus sailed the ocean blue. That, at least, is what the famous rhyme tells us. Memorising such dates is a common experience of being taught history – a cliché superbly lampooned by the w

A parallel history of Churchill and de Gaulle

KINGDOM OF SAXONY 16-19 OCTOBER 1813