What was the roman empire’s worst defeat?

In 1990 the British Army had 153,000 regular troops, in 2025 it had 75,000 – its combat power shrunk by more than half. Why did this contraction happen, and what are the implications for the Army’s fighting power?

How the Red Army pushed back German forces and what they discovered in their wake as WWII turned

How the Qin forged a great power from the fragments of the Warring States

I n 1492, Columbus sailed the ocean blue. That, at least, is what the famous rhyme tells us. Memorising such dates is a common experience of being taught history – a cliché superbly lampooned by the w

Three months after German forces captured Fort Douaumont in February 1916 (see issue 1 of Iron Cross) a calamity befell the occupiers, predominantly comprising troops from the Prussian Brandenburg reg

The confident and aggressive Romans brought savagery, great taste and efficiency to the Cotswolds, crowning Cirencester Britain’s second city, says Charles Harris